@article {727,
	title = {The remarkable squidworm is an example of discoveries that await in deep-pelagic habitats},
	journal = {Biology Letters},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2011},
	note = {10.1098/rsbl.2010.0923},
	month = {2011/06/23},
	pages = {449 - 453},
	url = {http://rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/7/3/449.abstractN2 - An intriguing new annelid, Teuthidodrilus samae (Annelida, Cirratuliformia) gen. and sp. nov., was observed and collected during deep-water column exploration of the western Celebes Sea.},
	author = {Osborn, Karen J and Madin, Laurence P. and Rouse, Greg W.}
}
@article {ZSC:ZSC460,
	title = {Phylogenetics of Acrocirridae and Flabelligeridae (Cirratuliformia, Annelida)},
	journal = {Zoologica Scripta},
	volume = {40},
	number = {2},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {204{\textendash}219},
	publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},
	abstract = {Osborn, K. J. \& Rouse, G. W. (2010). Phylogenetics of Acrocirridae and Flabelligeridae (Cirratuliformia, Annelida). {\textemdash}Zoologica Scripta, 40, 204{\textendash}219.When seven deep-sea, swimming cirratuliforms were recently discovered, the need for a thorough phylogenetic hypothesis for Cirratuliformia was clear. Here, we provide a robust phylogenetic hypothesis for the relationships within Acrocirridae and increase the taxon sampling and resolution within Flabelligeridae based on both molecular (18S, 28S, 16S, COI and CytB) and morphological data. Data partitions were analyzed separately and in combination. Acrocirridae and Flabelligeridae were reciprocally monophyletic sister groups when rooted by cirratulids. The seven recently discovered species form a clade within Acrocirridae and will be designated as four genera based on phylogenetic relationships and apomorphies. A revised diagnosis is provided for Swima, restricting the genus to three species distinguished by a thick gelatinous sheath, transparent body, simple nuchal organs, a single medial subulate branchia, and four pair of small segmental branchiae modified as elliptical, bioluminescent sacs. Helmetophorus and Chauvinelia are maintained as separate genera based on morphological differences. Evidence for flabelligerid branchiae being segmental is provided, the papillae on segment two of most acrocirrids is confirmed to be the nephridiopores, and scanning electron microscopy is used to examine acrocirrid spinous chaetae in comparison with flabelligerid segmented chaetae.},
	issn = {1463-6409},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1463-6409.2010.00460.x},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6409.2010.00460.x},
	author = {Osborn, Karen J and Rouse, Greg W.}
}
@article {ZOJ:ZOJ727,
	title = {Swima (Annelida, Acrocirridae), holopelagic worms from the deep Pacific},
	journal = {Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society},
	volume = {163},
	number = {3},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {663{\textendash}678},
	publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},
	abstract = {<p>Two new species of Swima, a recently established genus of annelid worms, are introduced, one from deep water off the North American West Coast and the other from the Philippines. The acrocirrid genus now contains three named species, Swima bombiviridis, Swima fulgida sp. nov., and Swima tawitawiensis sp. nov.Swima are holopelagic, occurring only in the water column, and thus far have only been observed below 2700\&nbsp;m. The worms are relatively large, sometimes reaching over 30\&nbsp;mm in length and 5\&nbsp;mm in width. They have gelatinous bodies and fans of long swimming chaetae, which are flattened into paddles in S. tawitawiensis sp. nov. Members of Swima are distinguished from other swimming acrocirrids by their transparent bodies, single medial subulate branchiae, and simple nuchal organs that do not skirt the bases of lateral subulate branchiae. Swima fulgida sp. nov. is distinguished from other members of the genus by its darkly pigmented anterior gut, whereas S. tawitawiensis sp. nov. is distinguished by possessing three subulate head appendages instead of just one and by the shape of its noto- and neurochaetae. Swima species possess four pairs of elliptical, transformed segmental branchiae that produce green bioluminescence when autotomized. These \&lsquo;bombs\&rsquo; were observed in various states of regeneration on a single individual. Swima are neutrally buoyant, often observed hanging immobile in the water column, and are active, agile swimmers. Although not previously documented in the literature, these worms are not rare in the deep water column. Since the worms were first noticed in 2001, they have been observed on more than half of the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute\&rsquo;s midwater remotely operated vehicle dives that went to sufficient depth. The discovery of Swima underscores our lack of knowledge of deep pelagic fauna.\&copy; 2011 The Linnean Society of London, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2011, 163, 663\&ndash;678.</p>
},
	keywords = {Celebes Sea, Cirratuliformia, deep-sea, gelata, midwater, pelagic, Swima fulgida sp. nov., Swima tawitawiensis sp. nov},
	issn = {1096-3642},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00727.x},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00727.x},
	author = {Osborn, Karen J and Haddock, Steven H. D. and Rouse, Greg W.}
}
@article {728,
	title = {Deep-Sea, Swimming Worms with Luminescent {\textquotedblleft}Bombs{\textquotedblright}},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {325},
	year = {2009},
	note = {10.1126/science.1172488},
	month = {2009/08/21},
	pages = {964 - 964},
	url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/content/325/5943/964.abstractN2 - By using remotely operated vehicles, we found seven previously unknown species of swimming annelid worms below 1800 meters. Specimens were large and bore a variety of elaborate head appendages. I},
	author = {Osborn, Karen J and Haddock, Steven H. D. and Pleijel, Fredrik and Madin, Laurence P. and Rouse, Greg W.}
}
@article {17301330,
	title = {Description and relationships of Chaetopterus pugaporcinus, an unusual pelagic polychaete (Annelida, Chaetopteridae).},
	journal = {The Biological bulletin},
	volume = {212},
	year = {2007},
	month = {2007 Feb},
	pages = {40-54},
	abstract = {An extraordinary new species, Chaetopterus pugaporcinus, is described from eight specimens collected from deep mesopelagic waters off Monterey Bay, California, by remotely operated vehicles. All specimens exhibit a consistent combination of both adult and larval characteristics, leaving in question the maturity of the specimens. All specimens lack ciliated larval bands and the stout, modified chaetae (cutting spines) typically found in segment A4 of chaetopterids. If the specimens described here are larvae, they are remarkable for their size, which ranged from 10 to 21 mm total length, nearly twice the length of the largest polychaete larvae previously reported and 5 to 10 times larger than known chaetopterid larvae. Then too, their lack of segment addition prior to settlement would be atypical. If adult, they are particularly unusual in their habitat choice and body form. Morphology of the uncini and comparison to larval morphology indicated a close relationship to either Chaetopterus or Mesochaetopterus. However, the lack of cutting spines and typical adult morphology made it impossible to determine to what genus this species should be allied. Thus, we carried out the first molecular phylogenetic analysis of the Chaetopteridae in order to appropriately place and name the new species. Three partial genes were sequenced for 21 annelid species. The sequencing also provides the first molecular evidence that Chaetopterus variopedatus sensu Hartman (1959) is not a single cosmopolitan species. The question of C. pugaporcinus being a delayed larva or a genuine holopelagic chaetopterid is discussed.},
	author = {Osborn, Karen J and Rouse, Greg W. and Goffredi, Shana K and Robison, Bruce H}
}
